History of Linux operating system

The name Linux is a unique combination of its creator's name and the name that becomes the target operating system (UNIX). It all started with a operating system called Minix. Minix was made by Professor Andrew Tanenbaum. Minix is a Unix-like operating system that works on the PC.
Torvald is a student at the University of Helsinki using Minix. Although quite good, he has not considered adequate Minix. Then in 1991 he made an operating system which is a clone of UNIX,
named Linux. As with Minix, Linux does not use any code from the vendor  The commercial UNIX, so Torvalds linux distribution on the internet for free.
On October 5, 1991, Torvalds posted in newsgroups comp.os.minix perasinya system. He announced that the Linux source code is available and ask for help other programmers to join expanding it. When that Linux is still half-baked, this operating system can only run a few UNIX commands, such as bash, gcc and gnu-make. When Linux 1.0 was launched in 1994, this operating system has been fairly stable and has many features, such as preemptive multitasking (the ability to share CPU resources for many applications) and symmetric multiprocessing (the ability to divide tasks
among many CPUs). Linux even has its own mascot by Torvalds described as "a penguin is adorable and friendly, a lot of satiety after eating herring".
In 1996, the existing Linux development teams around the world begin to give results. That year they have made a version of Linux for a number of versions of hardware, from the Atari ST to the Macintosh.
Linux continues to grow rapidly, mainly because there are a number of distributors (such as RedHat, Caldera, etc.) are scrambling to compete for market share. Therefore formed a group called the Linux Standard Base. The group is working to ensure that the various Linux distributions are still able to run


CHAPTER I History of Linux
the same applications and interoperability with each other. Currently there are seven Linux distributions
The most famous, namely:

1. RedHat Linux, the most popular distributors in the U.S. and one of the most easy to use.
2. Mandrake Linux, distributors who add updates and patches for RedHat Linux.
3. Caldera Open Linux, Linux distibrusi with installation and user environment based on good graphics.
4. Suse Linux, the most popular Linux distribution in Europe that also provides the installation instructions in Indonesian language.
5. Slackware Linux.
6. Debian GNU / Linux.
7. TurboLinux, the most popular Linux distribution in Asia, which provides special support for Asian character sets.

Note:
Linux distributors are still many more. Which one is best depends on the user's convenience. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages.
LINUX operating system capabilities:

1. multiuser
2. multiprocessor
3. Multitasking, allows programs running concurrently (background)
4. Multithreading, can create a subprocess with an efficient way
5. Pembelokkan I / O, Pipe and Filter
6. Local and Network File System
7. Security, login with a password, ownership, group
8. X-Window System